NHANES 2011-2012: Phthalates Plasticizers Metabolites Vietnam

  • NHANES 2011-2012: Phthalates Plasticizers Metabolites Vietnam
  • NHANES 2011-2012: Phthalates Plasticizers Metabolites Vietnam
  • NHANES 2011-2012: Phthalates Plasticizers Metabolites Vietnam
  • Are phthalate metabolites biomonitoring?
  • Many of these studies have used the biomonitoring data of phthalate metabolites in urine collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). ( 24 – 32) Because phthalates are nonpersistent in humans, biomonitoring data reflect phthalate exposures in surveyed participants at the time of sample collection.
  • How does NHANES measure phthalate metabolites?
  • NHANES categorizes its data in two-year increments known as a “cycle”, with the specific number of participants varying from cycle to cycle. Spot samples of urine were collected from participants six years and older. ( 36) A subset of these samples were analyzed for a number of phthalate metabolites.
  • How are phthalates doses calculated for NHANES participants?
  • Daily Intake (DI) doses of phthalates for NHANES participants were calculated using metabolite concentrations in the urine, information about the metabolite and parent phthalate, ( 42, 43) and creatinine excretion using demographic information about the participant scaled to their body weight ( 44, 45) as described in Reyes and Price.
  • How are NHANES metabolite concentrations based on a toxicokinetic model?
  • Urinary metabolite concentrations from NHANES between the years of 1999 and 2016 were used to infer exposure to their parent chemicals using a toxicokinetic model and a mapping between parent chemicals and their known metabolic products. Our analysis resulted in what is essentially an exposure landscape for the US population.
  • How many phthalate metabolites are there?
  • Silva MJ; Barr DB; Reidy JA; Malek NA; Hodge CC; Caudill SP; Brock JW; Needham LL;Calafat AM Urinary levels of seven phthalate metabolites in the U.S. population from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2000. Environ.
  • Which metabolites are not metabolized by NHANES?
  • Chemical–cohort combinations not examined by NHANES are indicated by the gray cells. Twelve chemicals (7 metals, which are not metabolized but are directly measured in urine by NHANES, and 5 phthalate metabolites) were measured in all NHANES cohorts, whereas 21 chemicals (mostly heterocyclic amines and herbicides) had data for only one cohort.

Recommended hot-selling products