Plasticizer At High Doses Disrupts Male Reproductive Function Indonesia

  • Plasticizer At High Doses Disrupts Male Reproductive Function Indonesia
  • Plasticizer At High Doses Disrupts Male Reproductive Function Indonesia
  • Plasticizer At High Doses Disrupts Male Reproductive Function Indonesia
  • Does plasticizer exposure affect male and female reproductive health?
  • Results indicate that exposure to phthalates and bisphenol can adversely affect male and female reproductive health. However, evidence is still controversial. More large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to verify the effects of plasticizer exposure on reproductive health in humans.
  • Do plastic additives affect reproductive and developmental outcomes?
  • Most studies to date have been cross-sectional in nature. Future longitudinal studies are needed to explore the temporal relationship between exposure to plastic additives and adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes to provide more information on whether these relationships may be causal in nature.
  • Does low-dose phthalate exposure affect human male genital development?
  • These findings suggest that AGD is a marker for insufficient foetal androgenization and suggest that low-dose phthalate exposure may affect several markers of human male genital development. (e). Human studies in adults (i). Semen quality Studies that have explored phthalate effects in adults are presented in table 4.
  • Is phthalate exposure associated with hypospadias in male births?
  • Overall, evidence from the epidemiological studies that estimate the association between phthalate exposure and hypospadias in male births is limited and inconclusive. Higher levels of phthalates have been found in women than in men, which revealed an aggregated phthalate exposure in females.
  • Should phthalate exposure be reduced among reproductive-aged women?
  • It is necessary to reduce phthalate exposure among reproductive-aged women as much as possible. Phthalate exposure is also associated with other aspects of reproductive health or has adverse effects.
  • Are plastics causing reproductive and developmental problems?
  • The leading hypothesis for these growing concerns is that certain chemicals, used in plastics to provide beneficial physical qualities, may also act as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) that could lead to adverse reproductive and developmental effects (NRC 1999).

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